I loko o ka ʻohana pale ahi, aia kahi MCA pale ahi wela i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻoiai hoʻokahi manawa i nele. No laila he aha ka MCA pale ahi āu e maopopo ai? Ua maopopo ke kumumanaʻo o ka pale ahi? E nānā pū kākou!
He aha nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi e pili ana i ka nitrogen?
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi e pili ana i ka nitrogen ka nui o nā ʻano ʻekolu: melamine, dicyandiamide, nā paʻakai guanidine (guanidine carbonate, guanidine phosphate, guanidine phosphate condensed a me guanidine sulfamate) a me kā lākou derivatives, ʻoi aku ka phosphate derivatives.
- Melamine
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka Melamine ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohua i ka hana ʻana i nā uhi ahi ahi intumescent, me ka hopena huʻi maikaʻi a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kalapona. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he pale ahi wale nō, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lapalapa ahi he paʻakai derivative i hana ʻia e ka hopena me ka waikawa a hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka PE, PP a me ka PVC plastics a me nā plastic thermoplastic a thermosetting. Hoʻohui pū ʻia me ka phosphate wai, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka melamine i ka pahu polyurethane retardant ahi.
- ʻO Dicyandiamide
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Dicyandiamide i ka hana ʻana o ka guanidinium salt flame retardants, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka melamine a i hui pū ʻia me ka melamine. Hōʻike nā patent ʻEulopa e hui pū ʻia ka dicyandiamide i nā ʻāpana like a hoʻohui ʻia i ka 5% hiki i ka polyamide ke hoʻokō i ka hopena flame retardant UL94 V-0, a ʻaʻohe hopena liʻiliʻi o kēia lapalapa ahi i ka ikaika o ka waimaka o ka mea. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka dicyandiamide e hana i ke kolu ahi no ka lāʻau.
- ʻO nā paʻakai Guanidine
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana ma ke ʻano he waena no nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kala, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā paʻakai guanidine e like me nā mea pale ahi no nā mea cellulose, e like me ka lāʻau, ka pepa a me ka pahu pahu. ʻO kēia mau mea hoʻopaʻa ahi he mau mea hoʻopaʻa ahi lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hygroscopic ma mua o nā mea pale ahi inorganic a loaʻa nā waiwai hoʻonaninani maikaʻi, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻonaninani kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka mea hoʻoulu i loko o nā uhi ahi intumescent.
ʻO ka MCA kahi mea hoʻohui i ka lapalapa ahi i hana ʻia mai ka melamine a me ka cyanuric acid i kahi mahana a hoʻohui ʻia me ka wai ma ke ʻano he kumu. ʻAʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa, ʻala a ʻono ʻole, a he kiʻekiʻe ka wela decomposition (paʻa loa ma 300 ° C, decomposing ma luna o 600 ° C). ʻAʻole wale ia he hopena flame-retardant maikaʻi, akā he uahi liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻoili ʻana, kūpono maikaʻi me nā mea polymer a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoneʻe honua. Hoʻohana nui ia no ka pale ahi o ka nylon, PBT, PP, epoxy resin, organosilicon, polyurethane, rubber a me nā mea polymer ʻē aʻe. He maikaʻi kona hopena flame-retardant, a hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena synergistic maikaʻi me ka phosphorus, bromine a me ka antimony flame retardants, a hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e loaʻa ai ka hopena flame-retardant maikaʻi. Mai ka manaʻo hoʻokele waiwai, ʻo ia ka mea pale ahi maikaʻi loa no nā mea nylon. Hōʻike ka moʻolelo i ka hoʻohui ʻana o 10% ka hapa nui o MCA i ka nylon 6, nylon 66 a i ʻole kā lākou hui ʻana e hiki ke hoʻokō i ka standard UL94 V-0 flame retardant.
ʻO ka mīkini pale ahi
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i nā kinoea hiki ʻole ke puhi ʻia e like me ka ammonia, nitrogen, deep nitrogen oxides a me ka mahu wai ke decomed e ka wela. ʻO ka hana ʻana o kēia mau kinoea a me ka decomposition o nā mea pale ahi e hoʻopau i ka hapa nui o ka wela, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka wela o ka ʻili o ka polymer.
A ʻo kēia mau kinoea non-flammable, e like me ka nitrogen, ʻaʻole wale ke pāʻani i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka oxygen i ka lewa a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā kinoea flammable i hana ʻia e ka decomposition thermal o nā polymers, akā e hana pū me ka oxygen i ka lewa e hana i ka nitrogen, ka wai a me nā oxides hohonu, e hoʻopau ana i ka oxygen ma ka ʻili o ka mea i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi hopena maikaʻi.
Nā pōmaikaʻi pale ahi
- Haʻahaʻa ʻona
Hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua olaola he ʻelima mau manawa o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lapalapa ahi o nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi halogen, a he haʻahaʻa ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka uahi o nā mea polymer i mālama ʻia me nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi. ʻO ka mea nui, he liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka uahi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ahi, e hāʻawi ana i ka poʻe i ka manawa e pakele ai a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana o ke kaua ʻana i ke ahi i ka hoʻomaka.
- Kiʻekiʻe i ke ahi-retardant pono
Ma o nā halides, metala oxides, phosphate flame retardants, inorganic hydrates, hydroxyl compounds, borides, silicates, carbonate compounds, nitrogen compounds i loaʻa ka manawa hoʻāla a me ka exothermic rate o ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi o nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi nitrogen ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa.
- Liʻiliʻi corrosive
- ʻO nā kinoea i hana ʻia e nā pūhui nitrogen-containing i ka wā o ka puhi ʻana he mea ʻino loa a ʻaʻohe hopena corrosive nui i nā huahana uila. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻokele uila a i ʻole nā mea uila i hoʻohana ʻia ma hope o ke ahi.
- ʻAʻohe paio me nā stabilizer māmā i nā mea
ʻAʻohe pūʻulu e hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā radical manuahi e like me nā halides, a no laila ʻaʻole e hoʻopau i nā stabilizer māmā i kekahi mau mea.
- Kiʻekiʻe wela wela decomposition
ʻAʻohe pono e hopohopo e pili ana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lapalapa i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka mea, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pau ʻole o ka lapalapa ahi. Hoʻopaʻa ka mea waiwai i nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi a me ka retardancy ahi ma hope o ka extruder e kahi extruder multi-effect.
- Aloha i ke kaiapuni
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